Jun 26 2016 : The Times of India (Mumbai)
Roaring bikes multiply in neighbourhoods, but just 18 riders fined for nuisance this yr 
Ahmed Ali 


While bikes with modi fied exhaust pipes that can wake up the dead with their ear-defeaning firing sound are on the rise, the number of bikers who are being booked for riding them has been on the decline over the past few years.This year till date, merely 18 bikers have been booked for the offence and fined Rs 6,000 compared with 56 cases and Rs 20,500 collected in fine in 2015--again a dip from 77 persons booked and Rs 28,000 penalty collected in 2014.These bikes are a major source of noise pollution in the city. TOI has been running a campaign against noise pollution in association with Awaaz Foundation.
Few in the city are aware that any alteration to a factory model is illegal under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988.Any alteration that results in an up to 10% increase in the weight of a vehicle must be done with the manufacturer as well as the regional transport office's consent.
While changes to exhaust pipes are not allowed, removing the catalytic converter, a component fitted to the exhaust pipe, is the easiest way to boost a bike's vroom. Tuning the engine and changing the brake sys tem is another method.
According to mechanics, noisy silencers are imported from Bangkok, Taiwan and China and priced anywhere between Rs 8,000 and 35,000.These can be fitted onto cars too. “In India, copies of original imported silencers are created to meet increasing demand from youngsters.These copies are manufactured in Delhi and Agra and sold in various cities. Apart from these silencers, there are also boosters that are forcibily fitted on to a bike's silencer to create bike racinglike sounds,“ said Akleem Ansari alias `Chhoto Mechanic' from Agripada. Most of those who modify their bike silencers are in the age group of 18 to 25.
There is much demand for copies of silencers manufactured in Punjab, Jaipur, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Pune. While silencers from Punjab are said to be the noisiest and mostly meant for Bullet bikes, those from Jaipur and Bangalore emit a typical racing bike-like sound. “Silencers made in Pune, on the other hand, produce the least noise. There is a huge demand for silencers from Pune--but from those who detest noise,“ said Waqar Khan, a mechanic from Vakola in Santacruz. The police and transport departments have turned a blind eye to the flourishing illegal business, except in Bangalore where cops have cracked down on noisy bikes.
In Mumbai, several citizens, particularly seniors, have written to police authorities on how bikers have destroyed the peace in their neighbourhood.
Satish Seth, a Kalina resident, says whenever residents call up the main police control room to complain against noisy bikes, cops take down the details but by the time they arrive, the errant biker vanishes. “After the cops are gone, they return on the streets, which they use as a racing track. Most of these bikers disturb us late in the night when we are trying to catch up on sleep after a hard day's work,“ said Shamim Siddiqui from Santacruz East. 

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'Now citizens must come forward, wake up authorities’Jun 20, 2016, 11.42 PM ISTI ndia is among the noisiest countries in the world and Mumbai is the noisiest city in India. But it was after a court order in 2003 when a journalist published my phone number on the front page of The Times of India and I was deluged by calls pleading for help against deafening noise that I realized how it affected people. I once saw a hysterical mother pleading with a crowd to stop beating those drums because her infant started convulsing as soon as the drumbeat began. An old woman living alone once told me she could hear the firecrackers in a procession approaching and was trembling in anticipation of the sound. She wanted reassurance that she would make it through the next several hours.
Noise pollution caught the attention of the Supreme Court when a 13-year-old girl in Chennai was raped and her screams for help were not heard due to loudspeakers. When I started measuring noise in 2003, encouraged by my mentor Saad Ali, who provided me with a hand-held meter, there was no data at all on noise levels of common sources, including festivals, religious places, traffic or construction in Mumbai. Saad Ali, Dr Yeshwant Oke and Dr P N Rao had worked on the noise control policy, yet noise pollution was not commonly understood as the health hazard it is and people believed noise was an integral part of city living, impossible to control.
A few people, however, showed the courage to come forward and do more. Shivaji Park residents were among the first to seek help to make the area a silence zone. After a brave Ashok Rawat joined them, a PIL was filed to reclaim the peace in their neighbourhood. Dr Mahesh Bedekar, a doctor from Thane, was next and, in spite of threats from politicians and goons, made first the city of Thane and then the entire state of Maharashtra accountable to noise rules during festivals.
Various other citizens contributed too: from Javed Khan and residents of Maple Towers who battled against noise from construction of a building to Irfan Machiwala and Bhagyashree Kelkar who controlled noise from Mahim Fair and Ajay Marathe who took on a mosque and a church in Navi Mumbai.
Perhaps the most touching contributions were by three children, Sahil Parab, Harsh Mahadikar and Aniruddh Chaudhary, aged 11 to 12 years, from the BDD Chawl in Parel who measured noise on their father's phone, even hitching a ride on a truck to Andheri to cover as much area as they could. Sadly their 12-year-old leader showed significant hearing loss, probably noise induced, when Awaaz Foundation along with Vibha Shah of AURED tested their hearing.
I believe most people feel a need to give back to society and professional pro bono contributions are invaluable, particularly to an unfunded NGO like Awaaz Foundation. Our lawyer Ishwar Nankani offered pro bono support at a time when noise was a little known subject in 2002. Ishwar not only volunteered his own work and his entire office pro bono but continued to bear expenses through the years. Our PIL of 2003, filed with Dr Yeshwant Oke, Dr P N Rao and the Bombay Environmental Action Group restricted loudspeaker use in silence zones for the first time. Awaaz's PIL of 2007 brought noise from traffic, construction and urban planning into public consciousness for the first time and succeeded in stopping use of urban helipads atop buildings. Noise mapping was proposed and sound barriers made mandatory on all new flyovers.
Josy Paul was another who offered help when his fledgling advertising agency BBDO India was run out of a small rented office. As he gained in stature through his award-winning campaigns, he continued to support and most of his office has periodically worked to make the anti-noise message stronger for awareness and enforcement.
So where do we go from here? The Times of India has done great service to citizens' health with their present campaign 'Noise Annoys.' Citizens need to participate actively in it by downloading a free noise meter on their phone and making informed complaints to the Police and on the #GetWellSoonMumbai facebook page. I sincerely hope active participation will motivate police and government to control traffic, construction, loudspeaker and firecracker noise. I also hope this will help wake up the authorities to the need for integration of noise control measures in future urban planning through a noise mapping study which will be integrated into the new Development Control Plan of Mumbai.
(The writer is an activist whose NGO, Awaaz Foundation, has spearheaded the fight against noise pollution)
Stay updated on the go with Times of India News App. Click here to download it for your device.
RELATED

• Activist reports illegal sand mining in Raigad
• Noisy parties may invite police action
• Shrill vehicle horn? Now, police can penalize you
• Noise levels on the first day of the Mahim Fair lower as compared to ...

NEXT STORYVehicles in India make a lot more sound than abroadNandini Sen Gupta| TNN | Jun 20, 2016, 11.32 PM IST
MUMBAI: Indian vehicles are probably much louder than automobiles elsewhere in the world. According to auto industry experts, India's noisecutoff for horns — at 93 decibel (dB), according to the Central Motor Vehicle Rule (CMVR) 119 — is in line with international standards, but the top end of the noise range — at 112dB — is higher. Also, a lot of vehicularnoise is caused by air horns and multi-toned horns, as TOI campaign in association with Awaaz Foundation has highlighted. The import or local production of these air horns is not controlled or monitored.

Auto experts say the 93-112dB horn noise level for vehicles in India — measured at a distance seven metres from the position of a horn and at a height of 0.5 to 1.5 metres — was on par with EU standards until recently. The "EU has recently revised this standard wherein the upper limit has been kept unaltered at 112dB but the lower limit has been revised to 87dB," said C V Raman, executive director, engineering, Maruti Suzuki. "This, despite the fact that ambient noise in European cities in much lower than in India." Raman said the problem of horn noise was aggravated by frequent and unnecessary use of horns on Indian roads.

Apart from honking, vehicular noise is measured in two categories. There is vehicle passby noise — measured at about 10 metre distance at 50kmph full throttle in second or third — which can come from engine, powertrain, exhaust system or tyre rolling. CMVR 120 offers a cutoff of this, which varies from 80dB for petrol two-wheelers to 91dB for passenger and commercial vehicles above 12,000kg weight (see table). Then there is stationary noise for which there is currently a proposal for Indian regulations with 3.9dB as the cutoff.

Part of the problem of vehicular noise is also the use of multi-tone horns, which are not permitted on normal motor vehicles. "After-market fitment of pressure/ multi-toned horns is a common phenomenon and there's is no enforcement to penalize the errant," said Raman. "As per the Motor Vehicle Rules, multi-toned horns are not permitted to be fitted but due to lack of enforcement, such horns are readily available in the market."

Indeed, a recent National Green Tribunal order over the Dilip Nevatia case resulted in the Maharashtra Pollution Control Board (MPCB) proposing a much lower noise cutoff for multi-tone horns and sirens than allowed. "The cutoff here was 10dB over vehicle engine noise but engine noise is not measured in India, only passby noise is," said a SIAM source. This not only created confusion over cutoff but also over permitted horn noise range. The trouble is 10dB over and above the passby cutoff (say 82 dB for cars) would be much lower than the 93-112 dB range for vehicle horns right now.

The matter is now under consideration of an expert committee set up by MPCB. Meanwhile, a draft notification for an Ambulance Code for sirens has been prepared by the ministry of road transport and highways where the range is 110-120 dB.




NEXT STORYTraffic cops who need to rein in noise polluters are themselves at highest risk of hearing loss: StudyNitasha Natu| TNN | Jun 20, 2016, 11.30 PM IST
C onstable Hemant Joshi cringes every time a car horn blares at Sion junction where he is posted to supervise trafficmovement. Joshi was among 17 traffic police personnel who underwent a preliminary test for hearing loss in October last year, conducted through Awaaz Foundation and AURED, which works with hearing-impaired children. He and 10 other cops showed signs of hearing loss in either one or both ears and were asked to see a doctor for detailed analysis.

It's ironic but traffic police who can play the most influencing role in keeping noise levels down, are also the worst sufferers of the problem. Constant exposure to honking takes a huge toll on them. "Some of the effects of exposure to loud sound are irritability and headache. But an affected person may not connect these symptoms to hearing loss and may not seek expert advice," says Dr Hetal Marfatia, ENT surgeon at KEM Hospital.

Joshi (38) says his hearing problem started when he worked in the ammunition section of the Mumbai police. "Constant sound of gunfire affected my hearing. It worsened as I joined the traffic branch. Every time a vehicle, fitted with a shrill horn, honks as it passes by, I feel distinctly uncomfortable," he says. "Shrill horns and reverse horns are illegal. But booking every offender is impossible as traffic movement cannot be halted."

Constable Shivaji Kamble (53) had also shown signs of hearing loss in the test conducted last year. Like Joshi, Kamble too hasn't seen a specialist yet. "Our job is very demanding and involves spending long hours on the road. We hit the bed as soon as we reach home. Where is the time to see a specialist?" asks Kamble, who has spent 32 years in Mumbai police, three of which were in the traffic department. Incidentally, Kamble chose to join traffic police despite undergoing a surgery for a ruptured eardrum less than a decade ago. "I understand that being surrounded by noisy vehicles is only increasing my problem but it was my desire to serve in the traffic department before I retire. I have two more years of service left," he says.

The traffic department conducts medical workshops from time to time for its personnel. On May 31, Indian Medical Association held a lecture on noise pollution and its effects at the Jogeshwari traffic outpost. Cops say it would be welcome if a solution were thought of. Constable Joshi, for instance, was not even aware of the seriousness of his hearing problem until he took the test. "Better traffic management, where motorists do not honk, would be the best solution. Motorists follow rules abroad, so there's no reason to not follow it in India. Special ear plugs, like those designed for musicians, may work. These don't affect the quality of work but only muffle the sound," says Dr Marfatia.

A checkup camp conducted by Thane traffic police in association with Indian Medical Association (IMA) and Association of Medical Consultants in 2014 showed that 42% of 556 traffic constables suffered from varying degrees of hearing loss.





‘Now citizens must come forward, wake up authorities’Jun 20, 2016, 11.42 PM ISTI ndia is among the noisiest countries in the world and Mumbai is the noisiest city in India. But it was after a court order in 2003 when a journalist published my phone number on the front page of The Times of India and I was deluged by calls pleading for help against deafening noise that I realized how it affected people. I once saw a hysterical mother pleading with a crowd to stop beating those drums because her infant started convulsing as soon as the drumbeat began. An old woman living alone once told me she could hear the firecrackers in a procession approaching and was trembling in anticipation of the sound. She wanted reassurance that she would make it through the next several hours.
Noise pollution caught the attention of the Supreme Court when a 13-year-old girl in Chennai was raped and her screams for help were not heard due to loudspeakers. When I started measuring noise in 2003, encouraged by my mentor Saad Ali, who provided me with a hand-held meter, there was no data at all on noise levels of common sources, including festivals, religious places, traffic or construction in Mumbai. Saad Ali, Dr Yeshwant Oke and Dr P N Rao had worked on the noise control policy, yet noise pollution was not commonly understood as the health hazard it is and people believed noise was an integral part of city living, impossible to control.
A few people, however, showed the courage to come forward and do more. Shivaji Park residents were among the first to seek help to make the area a silence zone. After a brave Ashok Rawat joined them, a PIL was filed to reclaim the peace in their neighbourhood. Dr Mahesh Bedekar, a doctor from Thane, was next and, in spite of threats from politicians and goons, made first the city of Thane and then the entire state of Maharashtra accountable to noise rules during festivals.
Various other citizens contributed too: from Javed Khan and residents of Maple Towers who battled against noise from construction of a building to Irfan Machiwala and Bhagyashree Kelkar who controlled noise from Mahim Fair and Ajay Marathe who took on a mosque and a church in Navi Mumbai.
Perhaps the most touching contributions were by three children, Sahil Parab, Harsh Mahadikar and Aniruddh Chaudhary, aged 11 to 12 years, from the BDD Chawl in Parel who measured noise on their father's phone, even hitching a ride on a truck to Andheri to cover as much area as they could. Sadly their 12-year-old leader showed significant hearing loss, probably noise induced, when Awaaz Foundation along with Vibha Shah of AURED tested their hearing.
I believe most people feel a need to give back to society and professional pro bono contributions are invaluable, particularly to an unfunded NGO like Awaaz Foundation. Our lawyer Ishwar Nankani offered pro bono support at a time when noise was a little known subject in 2002. Ishwar not only volunteered his own work and his entire office pro bono but continued to bear expenses through the years. Our PIL of 2003, filed with Dr Yeshwant Oke, Dr P N Rao and the Bombay Environmental Action Group restricted loudspeaker use in silence zones for the first time. Awaaz's PIL of 2007 brought noise from traffic, construction and urban planning into public consciousness for the first time and succeeded in stopping use of urban helipads atop buildings. Noise mapping was proposed and sound barriers made mandatory on all new flyovers.
Josy Paul was another who offered help when his fledgling advertising agency BBDO India was run out of a small rented office. As he gained in stature through his award-winning campaigns, he continued to support and most of his office has periodically worked to make the anti-noise message stronger for awareness and enforcement.
So where do we go from here? The Times of India has done great service to citizens' health with their present campaign 'Noise Annoys.' Citizens need to participate actively in it by downloading a free noise meter on their phone and making informed complaints to the Police and on the #GetWellSoonMumbai facebook page. I sincerely hope active participation will motivate police and government to control traffic, construction, loudspeaker and firecracker noise. I also hope this will help wake up the authorities to the need for integration of noise control measures in future urban planning through a noise mapping study which will be integrated into the new Development Control Plan of Mumbai.
(The writer is an activist whose NGO, Awaaz Foundation, has spearheaded the fight against noise pollution)
Stay updated on the go with Times of India News App. Click here to download it for your device.
RELATED

• Activist reports illegal sand mining in Raigad
• Noisy parties may invite police action
• Shrill vehicle horn? Now, police can penalize you
• Noise levels on the first day of the Mahim Fair lower as compared to ...

NEXT STORYVehicles in India make a lot more sound than abroadNandini Sen Gupta| TNN | Jun 20, 2016, 11.32 PM IST
MUMBAI: Indian vehicles are probably much louder than automobiles elsewhere in the world. According to auto industry experts, India's noisecutoff for horns — at 93 decibel (dB), according to the Central Motor Vehicle Rule (CMVR) 119 — is in line with international standards, but the top end of the noise range — at 112dB — is higher. Also, a lot of vehicularnoise is caused by air horns and multi-toned horns, as TOI campaign in association with Awaaz Foundation has highlighted. The import or local production of these air horns is not controlled or monitored.

Auto experts say the 93-112dB horn noise level for vehicles in India — measured at a distance seven metres from the position of a horn and at a height of 0.5 to 1.5 metres — was on par with EU standards until recently. The "EU has recently revised this standard wherein the upper limit has been kept unaltered at 112dB but the lower limit has been revised to 87dB," said C V Raman, executive director, engineering, Maruti Suzuki. "This, despite the fact that ambient noise in European cities in much lower than in India." Raman said the problem of horn noise was aggravated by frequent and unnecessary use of horns on Indian roads.

Apart from honking, vehicular noise is measured in two categories. There is vehicle passby noise — measured at about 10 metre distance at 50kmph full throttle in second or third — which can come from engine, powertrain, exhaust system or tyre rolling. CMVR 120 offers a cutoff of this, which varies from 80dB for petrol two-wheelers to 91dB for passenger and commercial vehicles above 12,000kg weight (see table). Then there is stationary noise for which there is currently a proposal for Indian regulations with 3.9dB as the cutoff.

Part of the problem of vehicular noise is also the use of multi-tone horns, which are not permitted on normal motor vehicles. "After-market fitment of pressure/ multi-toned horns is a common phenomenon and there's is no enforcement to penalize the errant," said Raman. "As per the Motor Vehicle Rules, multi-toned horns are not permitted to be fitted but due to lack of enforcement, such horns are readily available in the market."

Indeed, a recent National Green Tribunal order over the Dilip Nevatia case resulted in the Maharashtra Pollution Control Board (MPCB) proposing a much lower noise cutoff for multi-tone horns and sirens than allowed. "The cutoff here was 10dB over vehicle engine noise but engine noise is not measured in India, only passby noise is," said a SIAM source. This not only created confusion over cutoff but also over permitted horn noise range. The trouble is 10dB over and above the passby cutoff (say 82 dB for cars) would be much lower than the 93-112 dB range for vehicle horns right now.

The matter is now under consideration of an expert committee set up by MPCB. Meanwhile, a draft notification for an Ambulance Code for sirens has been prepared by the ministry of road transport and highways where the range is 110-120 dB.





NEXT STORYTraffic cops who need to rein in noise polluters are themselves at highest risk of hearing loss: StudyNitasha Natu| TNN | Jun 20, 2016, 11.30 PM IST
C onstable Hemant Joshi cringes every time a car horn blares at Sion junction where he is posted to supervise trafficmovement. Joshi was among 17 traffic police personnel who underwent a preliminary test for hearing loss in October last year, conducted through Awaaz Foundation and AURED, which works with hearing-impaired children. He and 10 other cops showed signs of hearing loss in either one or both ears and were asked to see a doctor for detailed analysis.

It's ironic but traffic police who can play the most influencing role in keeping noise levels down, are also the worst sufferers of the problem. Constant exposure to honking takes a huge toll on them. "Some of the effects of exposure to loud sound are irritability and headache. But an affected person may not connect these symptoms to hearing loss and may not seek expert advice," says Dr Hetal Marfatia, ENT surgeon at KEM Hospital.

Joshi (38) says his hearing problem started when he worked in the ammunition section of the Mumbai police. "Constant sound of gunfire affected my hearing. It worsened as I joined the traffic branch. Every time a vehicle, fitted with a shrill horn, honks as it passes by, I feel distinctly uncomfortable," he says. "Shrill horns and reverse horns are illegal. But booking every offender is impossible as traffic movement cannot be halted."

Constable Shivaji Kamble (53) had also shown signs of hearing loss in the test conducted last year. Like Joshi, Kamble too hasn't seen a specialist yet. "Our job is very demanding and involves spending long hours on the road. We hit the bed as soon as we reach home. Where is the time to see a specialist?" asks Kamble, who has spent 32 years in Mumbai police, three of which were in the traffic department. Incidentally, Kamble chose to join traffic police despite undergoing a surgery for a ruptured eardrum less than a decade ago. "I understand that being surrounded by noisy vehicles is only increasing my problem but it was my desire to serve in the traffic department before I retire. I have two more years of service left," he says.

The traffic department conducts medical workshops from time to time for its personnel. On May 31, Indian Medical Association held a lecture on noise pollution and its effects at the Jogeshwari traffic outpost. Cops say it would be welcome if a solution were thought of. Constable Joshi, for instance, was not even aware of the seriousness of his hearing problem until he took the test. "Better traffic management, where motorists do not honk, would be the best solution. Motorists follow rules abroad, so there's no reason to not follow it in India. Special ear plugs, like those designed for musicians, may work. These don't affect the quality of work but only muffle the sound," says Dr Marfatia.

A checkup camp conducted by Thane traffic police in association with Indian Medical Association (IMA) and Association of Medical Consultants in 2014 showed that 42% of 556 traffic constables suffered from varying degrees of hearing loss.

Jun 16 2016 : The Times of India (Mumbai)
BMC has no rules to keep noise levels down at building sites 
Bella Jaisinghani 
Mumbai: 


For several months in 2015, Maple Tower housing society along SV Road in Jogeshwari was plagued by the ear-splitting sounds of heavy machinery drilling into the basalt at Gilbert Hill.“A construction site along the hill made life difficult for our residents, many of whom are senior citizens. Often work would start in the early morning hours and continue well into the night,“ said a resident. The society then approached the police and the state pollution control board as well as NGOs. The news grabbed media attention, after which the builder began to wind down his heavy equipment at sunset.
Not everyone living next door to a construction site may have a similar happy ending to narrate because there is no formal notification of guidelines for construction sites. There are no civic rules that make it mandatory for builders to curb noise levels. “The BMC only makes us sign a no-nuisance bond. That's it,“ said a developer.
The crux of the issue is that while police is the implementing authority for noise limits under environment protection rules, the BMC is the agency which is in charge of issuing permissions for development and alterations. Since the latter has not laid down guidelines on noise, a developer or an individual can take cover under the approvals secured from it.
Awaaz Foundation, which has worked for the past 14 years on noise pollution, has readings from construction sites which show that noise levels from construction equipment routinely exceed safe levels for silent or residential zones. Pneumatic drillers used for foundation excavation hit 100dB, cement mixers 85dB, and marblestone cutters 85dB but at very high frequency which make them more damaging. And very rarely are police able to act on complaints against such violations. To bring the issue to the authorities' notice, activist Sumaira Abdulali recently wrote to the municipal commissioner, “It would be appropriate...to specify... ex act type of equipment, with measured decibel levels, and after checking its availability in the city of Mumbai, which would make conformity with Noise Rules possible, particularly during the extended time period.“
The suggestion seems pertinent especially since the earlier practice to allow construction from 7am to 7pm has now been relaxed further on grounds of enhancing the ease of doing business. The civic body has now permitted work from 6am to 10pm. A member of the BMC's building proposals department said, “Now the definition of `onset of night' is defined as 10pm so technically builders say they should be allowed to carry out construction activity until that hour. The civic commissioner has allowed that.“
Shirish Sukhatme, immediate past president of the Practicing Engineers and Architects Town Planners Association (PEATA), says methods of construction have become noisier over the years. “The development control (DC) rules now make it mandatory for builders to provide parking. Moreover parking is a saleable commodity and parking lots sell for Rs 25-50 lakh. Owing to this, buildings are taller as lower floors are reserved for parking and residential flats are higher. So foundations are dug deeper into the ground using heavy machinery .“
Structures are now fashio ned using steel technology where metal is bent, ground, and welded. Moreover, for those that rise 70m or higher, piling work is a must, which is done in situ by hammering cast iron deep into the ground; this creates a loud sound and vibrations.
“Add to that the loading and unloading material and debris, labourers shouting and construction is quite a noisy affair,“ he says. “The use of concrete breakers in fact can reach levels up to120dB making it impossible to hear another person speak.“
Sukhatme recommends use of noise dampers on such sites.If they rise up to 10 metre high and incline at an angle of 45 degrees they can muffle some of the sound from drilling and cutting.
Representatives from the construction sector say necessary efforts are made to check noise. Ram Parulekar, deputy general manager of Epicons, a project management consultancy , says, “Builders stick to prevailing societal norms. Concrete work is the main cause of loud sound, rest of the activity is not noisy .“ He says authorities are also mindful of residents' grievances. “We do have implementing agencies like police and pollution control board that address these issues,“ he said.
Just going by feedback that TOI's ongoing campaign has received in the past 10 days, it does appear that these agencies could do much more. 

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